A river transect is a structured way to observe how channel form and sediment change from one bank to the other. It links visible landforms with the m
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Rivers transport sediment of many sizes, from dissolved ions and fine clay to sand, gravel and large boulders. The material carried at a location depe
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Permafrost is ground that remains at or below freezing for at least two consecutive years. It occurs in high-latitude and high-elevation regions, wher
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Weathering breaks down or alters rock in place, whereas erosion removes and transports material. The processes often operate together, but separating
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Coastlines are dynamic boundaries shaped by waves, tides, currents, sediment supply and sea-level change. Erosion occurs when material is removed fast
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Soil develops where climate, organisms, topography, parent material and time interact. Its horizons preserve evidence of weathering, organic activity,
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Learn how aquifers store and transmit groundwater through pores, fractures and connected geological formations.
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